/* ==========================================================================
   Marta Maçães Viana, architecture portfolio — main stylesheet
   Plain modern CSS: custom properties, cascade layers, native nesting.
   ========================================================================== */

@layer reset, base, layout, components, pages, utilities;

@font-face {
  font-family: "Geograph";
  src: url("/assets/fonts/geograph-regular.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Design tokens
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
:root {
  /* The original white page and charcoal type let the photographs lead. */
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --paper-2: #f5f5f5;
  --ink: #212529;
  --ink-2: #343a40;
  --muted: #62676c;
  --line: #d5d7d9;
  --overlay: rgb(16 16 15 / 0.96);

  /* Type */
  --font: "Geograph", ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --step--1: 0.875rem;
  --step-0: 1rem;
  --step-1: clamp(1.125rem, 1rem + 0.3vw, 1.25rem);
  --step-2: clamp(1.35rem, 1.2rem + 0.5vw, 1.5rem);
  --step-3: clamp(1.6rem, 1.4rem + 0.8vw, 2rem);
  --step-4: clamp(1.8rem, 1.5rem + 1vw, 2.5rem);
  --tracking: 0.02em;

  /* Space */
  --gutter: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 1.5rem);
  --space-xs: 0.5rem;
  --space-s: 1rem;
  --space-m: 1.5rem;
  --space-l: clamp(2rem, 1.5rem + 1vw, 3rem);
  --space-xl: clamp(3rem, 2rem + 2vw, 4rem);

  /* Widths */
  --max: 61.5rem;
  --max-wide: var(--max);
  /* About 70 characters per line. (A "ch" unit is the width of "0", which in
     Geograph is much wider than an average letter, so it is not used here.) */
  --measure: 34em;

  --header-h: 6.5rem;
  --ease: cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1);
}

/* Keep the original restrained scale on large displays. */

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Reset
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@layer reset {
  *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
  * { margin: 0; }
  html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: none; text-size-adjust: none; }
  img, picture, svg, video { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
  img { height: auto; }
  input, button, textarea, select { font: inherit; color: inherit; }
  button { cursor: pointer; }
  .cards, .cv__list { list-style: none; padding: 0; }
  p, h1, h2, h3, h4 { overflow-wrap: break-word; }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Base
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@layer base {
  html {
    color-scheme: light;
    scroll-padding-top: calc(var(--header-h) + 1rem);
  }

  body {
    min-height: 100svh;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    background: var(--paper);
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: var(--font);
    font-size: var(--step-0);
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.55;
    /* Only the Regular weight exists. Do not let the browser fake a bold. */
    font-synthesis: none;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  }

  main { flex: 1; }
  main:focus { outline: none; }

  h1, h2, h3, h4 {
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.1;
    text-wrap: balance;
  }

  p { text-wrap: pretty; }

  strong, b { font-weight: 400; color: var(--ink); }

  a {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration-line: underline;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
    text-underline-offset: 0.22em;
    text-decoration-color: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 40%, transparent);
    transition: text-decoration-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
  }
  a:hover { text-decoration-color: currentColor; }

  :focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--ink);
    outline-offset: 3px;
  }

  ::selection { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }

  hr { border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Layout
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@layer layout {
  .wrap {
    width: min(100% - 2 * var(--gutter), var(--max));
    margin-inline: auto;
  }
  .wrap--wide { --max: var(--max-wide); }

  /* Header */
  .site-header {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 50;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: var(--space-s);
    min-height: var(--header-h);
    /* Align with the content column on wide screens. */
    padding-inline: max(var(--gutter), (100% - var(--max)) / 2);
  }
  /* The blur sits on a pseudo-element. On the header itself, backdrop-filter
     would make the header the containing block of the fixed phone menu. */
  .site-header::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: -1;
    background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 92%, transparent);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  }

  .brand {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.9rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--ink);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
  }
  .brand__mark svg {
    width: 9.375rem;
    height: auto;
  }
  .brand__text {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    line-height: 1.15;
    padding-left: 0.9rem;
    border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
  }
  .brand__name { font-size: 0.95rem; }
  .brand__role {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
  }

  .site-nav ul {
    display: flex;
    gap: 2rem;
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
  }
  .site-nav a {
    font-size: var(--step-0);
    letter-spacing: 0;
    text-transform: none;
    text-decoration: none;
    padding-block: 0.5rem;
    background: linear-gradient(currentColor, currentColor) 0 100% / 0 1px no-repeat;
    transition: background-size 0.35s var(--ease);
  }
  .site-nav a:hover,
  .site-nav a[aria-current="page"] { background-size: 100% 1px; }

  .menu-toggle {
    display: none;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    background: none;
    border: 0;
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }
  .menu-toggle__icon {
    position: relative;
    width: 1.4rem;
    height: 0.6rem;
    border-block: 1px solid currentColor;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease), border-color 0.3s;
  }
  .menu-toggle__icon::before,
  .menu-toggle__icon::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    top: 50%;
    border-top: 1px solid currentColor;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease), opacity 0.2s;
  }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .menu-toggle__icon { border-color: transparent; }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .menu-toggle__icon::before { opacity: 1; transform: rotate(45deg); }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .menu-toggle__icon::after { opacity: 1; transform: rotate(-45deg); }

  /* Phone menu: only with JavaScript. Without it, the links stay visible. */
  @media (max-width: 47.99em) {
    html:not(.js) .site-header { flex-wrap: wrap; }
    html:not(.js) .site-nav { width: 100%; }
    html:not(.js) .site-nav ul { justify-content: space-between; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem; }
    .brand__text { display: none; }
    .js .menu-toggle { display: inline-flex; }
    .js .site-nav {
      position: fixed;
      inset: 0;
      z-index: 1;
      display: flex;
      align-items: flex-end;
      padding: calc(var(--header-h) + 2rem) var(--gutter) calc(var(--space-l) + env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 0px));
      background: var(--paper);
      opacity: 0;
      visibility: hidden;
      transition: opacity 0.3s var(--ease), visibility 0s 0.3s;
    }
    .js .site-nav.is-open {
      opacity: 1;
      visibility: visible;
      transition: opacity 0.3s var(--ease);
    }
    .js .site-nav ul {
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 0.4rem;
    }
    .js .site-nav a {
      font-size: var(--step-4);
      letter-spacing: -0.02em;
      text-transform: none;
      line-height: 1.1;
    }
  }

  /* Footer */
  .site-footer {
    margin-top: var(--space-xl);
    padding-block: var(--space-m) calc(var(--space-m) + env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 0px));
    padding-inline: max(var(--gutter), (100% - var(--max)) / 2);
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    color: var(--muted);
  }
  .site-footer__inner {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: var(--space-s) var(--space-m);
    text-align: center;
  }
  .site-footer__name {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
  }
  .site-footer__mark svg { height: 0.9rem; width: auto; color: var(--ink); }
  .site-footer__links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem 1.75rem;
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
  }
  .site-footer a { text-decoration: none; }
  .site-footer a:hover { color: var(--ink); }
  @media (min-width: 48em) {
    .site-footer__mark { display: none; }
  }
  @media (max-width: 47.99em) {
    .site-footer__email { display: none; }
    .site-footer__inner { flex-direction: column; }
    .site-footer__links {
      justify-content: center;
      flex-wrap: nowrap;
      gap: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 1.5rem);
    }
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Components
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@layer components {
  .skip-link {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0.5rem;
    left: 0.5rem;
    z-index: 100;
    padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
    background: var(--ink);
    color: var(--paper);
    text-decoration: none;
    transform: translateY(-200%);
  }
  .skip-link:focus { transform: none; }

  .label,
  .section-title {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
    line-height: 1.4;
  }

  .section-head {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: var(--space-s);
    padding-top: var(--space-s);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-m);
  }
  .section-link {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    text-decoration: none;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }
  .section-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

  .page-head {
    padding-block: var(--space-l) var(--space-l);
  }
  .page-title {
    font-size: var(--step-4);
    letter-spacing: 0;
    line-height: 1.2;
  }
  .page-lead {
    max-width: 40ch;
    margin-top: var(--space-m);
    font-size: var(--step-1);
    color: var(--ink-2);
    line-height: 1.4;
  }

  /* Long text */
  .prose {
    max-width: var(--measure);
    color: var(--ink-2);
  }
  .prose > * + * { margin-top: 1.1em; }
  .prose a { color: var(--ink); }
  @media (min-width: 48em) {
    .prose p {
      text-align: justify;
      hyphens: auto;
      -webkit-hyphens: auto;
    }
  }

  /* Project cards */
  .cards {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-l) clamp(1rem, 2vw, 2rem);
  }
  @media (min-width: 75em) { .cards { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }

  .card__link {
    display: block;
    text-decoration: none;
  }
  .card__media {
    aspect-ratio: 1;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: var(--paper-2);
  }
  .card__media img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 1.2s var(--ease), opacity 0.6s;
  }
  .card__meta {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 0.15rem 1rem;
    padding-top: 0.9rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.9rem;
  }
  .card__title {
    font-size: var(--step-1);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  }
  .card__year {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    color: var(--muted);
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  }
  .card__subtitle {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    color: var(--muted);
  }
  @media (hover: hover) {
    .card__link:hover img { transform: scale(1.035); }
    .card__link:hover .card__title { text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 0.2em; }
  }

  /* Facts list (project details) */
  .facts {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    font-size: var(--step--1);
  }
  .facts > div {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 8rem 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding-block: 0.7rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }
  .facts > div:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .facts dt {
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
  }

  /* Gallery */
  .gallery {
    display: grid;
    gap: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 3.5rem);
  }
  .gallery__row--pair {
    display: grid;
    gap: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 3.5rem);
  }
  @media (min-width: 48em) {
    .gallery__row--pair { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; align-items: start; }
    .gallery__row > .is-portrait:only-child {
      width: min(100%, 60%);
      margin-inline: auto;
    }
  }
  .gallery__item img {
    width: 100%;
    background: var(--paper-2);
  }
  .gallery__link {
    display: block;
    cursor: zoom-in;
  }
  .gallery__item figcaption {
    margin-top: 0.6rem;
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    color: var(--muted);
  }

  /* Buttons and forms */
  .button {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    padding: 1rem 1.75rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--ink);
    background: var(--ink);
    color: var(--paper);
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.25s, color 0.25s;
  }
  .button:hover { background: transparent; color: var(--ink); }
  .button[disabled] { opacity: 0.5; cursor: progress; }

  .form {
    display: grid;
    gap: var(--space-m);
  }
  .form__row {
    display: grid;
    gap: var(--space-m);
  }
  @media (min-width: 40em) { .form__row { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } }

  .field { display: grid; gap: 0.4rem; }
  .field label {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
  }
  .field input:not([type="checkbox"]),
  .field select,
  .field textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.7rem 0;
    border: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink-2);
    border-radius: 0;
    background: transparent;
    font-size: var(--step-0);
    transition: border-color 0.2s;
  }
  .field textarea {
    resize: vertical;
    padding: 0.7rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--ink-2);
  }
  .field select {
    appearance: none;
    background: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='12' height='8' viewBox='0 0 12 8'%3E%3Cpath d='M1 1l5 5 5-5' fill='none' stroke='%23141414'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") right 0.25rem center / 0.75rem no-repeat;
    padding-right: 1.5rem;
  }
  .field :is(input, select, textarea):focus-visible {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--ink);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 0 0 var(--ink);
  }
  .field textarea:focus-visible { box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--ink); }
  .field ::placeholder { color: var(--muted); opacity: 1; }

  .field--check {
    grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
    align-items: start;
    gap: 0.8rem;
  }
  .field--check input {
    width: 1.15rem;
    height: 1.15rem;
    margin-top: 0.15rem;
    accent-color: var(--ink);
  }
  .field--check label {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: 0;
    text-transform: none;
    color: var(--ink-2);
  }
  .req { color: var(--ink); }

  .form__actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-s) var(--space-m);
  }
  .form__status { color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 45ch; }
  .form__status:empty { display: none; }

  /* Lightbox */
  .lightbox {
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100dvh;
    max-width: none;
    max-height: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    border: 0;
    background: var(--overlay);
    color: #f4f3ef;
    overscroll-behavior: contain;
  }
  .lightbox::backdrop { background: var(--overlay); }
  .lightbox[open] {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    animation: fade-in 0.25s var(--ease);
  }
  .lightbox__figure {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    padding: 3.5rem clamp(0.5rem, 6vw, 6rem) 2.5rem;
    touch-action: pan-y pinch-zoom;
  }
  .lightbox__img {
    max-width: 100%;
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 7rem);
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
  }
  .lightbox__count {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    color: rgb(244 243 239 / 0.7);
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  }
  .lightbox__btn {
    position: absolute;
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    width: 3rem;
    height: 3rem;
    padding: 0;
    border: 0;
    background: none;
    color: inherit;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    line-height: 1;
    opacity: 0.75;
    transition: opacity 0.2s;
  }
  .lightbox__btn:hover { opacity: 1; }
  .lightbox__btn:focus-visible { outline-color: #f4f3ef; }
  .lightbox__btn[disabled] { opacity: 0.2; cursor: default; }
  .lightbox__close { top: max(0.5rem, env(safe-area-inset-top, 0px)); right: 0.5rem; font-size: 2rem; }
  .lightbox__prev { left: 0.5rem; top: 50%; translate: 0 -50%; }
  .lightbox__next { right: 0.5rem; top: 50%; translate: 0 -50%; }
  @media (max-width: 47.99em) {
    .lightbox__prev, .lightbox__next { top: auto; bottom: max(0.25rem, env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 0px)); translate: none; }
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Pages
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@layer pages {
  /* Home: hero */
  .hero {
    --interval: 6s;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
  }
  .hero__slides { display: grid; }
  .hero__slide {
    grid-area: 1 / 1;
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: opacity 1.1s var(--ease), visibility 0s 1.1s;
  }
  .hero__slide.is-active {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transition: opacity 1.1s var(--ease);
  }
  .hero__media {
    display: block;
    width: min(100%, 60svh, 37rem);
    aspect-ratio: 1;
    justify-self: center;
    background: var(--paper);
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  .hero__media picture,
  .hero__media img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: contain;
  }
  .hero__text {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    text-align: center;
    container-type: inline-size;
  }
  .hero__count {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  }
  .hero__count span { color: var(--muted); }
  .hero__title {
    /* Never wider than the text column: a long word scales down. */
    font-size: var(--step-1);
    letter-spacing: 0;
    line-height: 1.25;
  }
  .hero__title a { text-decoration: none; }
  .hero__title a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 2px; text-underline-offset: 0.1em; }
  .hero__subtitle { color: var(--muted); }
  .hero__more {
    justify-self: start;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

  .hero__controls {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
  }
  .hero__dots {
    display: flex;
    flex: 0 1 15rem;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }

  /* Keep pause/resume available to assistive technology and keyboard users
     without a play symbol or a button in the default visual layout. */
  .hero__toggle { display: none; }
  .hero.is-ready .hero__toggle {
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    padding: 0;
    border: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    clip-path: inset(50%);
    white-space: nowrap;
    background: var(--paper);
    color: var(--ink);
  }
  .hero.is-ready .hero__toggle:focus-visible {
    position: static;
    width: auto;
    height: 2.75rem;
    padding-inline: 0.75rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--ink);
    overflow: visible;
    clip-path: none;
    font-size: var(--step--1);
  }
  .hero__dot {
    flex: 1;
    max-width: 6rem;
    padding: 0.9rem 0;
    border: 0;
    background: none;
  }
  /* Each dot is a thin line. The current one fills with ink over the interval. */
  .hero__dot span {
    display: block;
    position: relative;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--line);
  }
  .hero__dot span::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: var(--ink);
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transform-origin: left center;
  }
  .hero__dot:hover span { background: var(--muted); }
  .hero__dot[aria-current="true"] span::after { transform: scaleX(1); }
  .hero.is-ready .hero__dot[aria-current="true"] span::after {
    animation: progress var(--interval) linear;
  }
  .hero.is-paused .hero__dot[aria-current="true"] span::after { animation-play-state: paused; }
  /* With reduced motion there is no progress animation: mark the current dot. */
  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    /* Same specificity as the animation rule above, so this one wins. */
    .hero.is-ready .hero__dot[aria-current="true"] span::after { animation: none; transform: scaleX(1); }
  }

  /* The earlier home page was a centred photograph, rather than a split hero. */
  .hero__subtitle { font-size: var(--step--1); }
  @media (min-width: 48em) {
    .page-home main { display: flex; align-items: center; }
    .page-home .hero { position: relative; padding-block: var(--space-m); }
    .page-home .site-footer { margin-top: 0; }
    .hero__media { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; max-height: calc(100svh - 14rem); }
    .hero__media img { object-fit: cover; }
    .hero__text { display: none; }
    /* Centre the photograph itself; the slide controls sit in the lower gap. */
    .hero__controls { position: absolute; top: calc(100% - var(--space-m)); inset-inline: 0; }
  }

  .intro {
    padding-block: var(--space-xl);
  }
  .intro__text {
    max-width: 34ch;
    margin-left: auto;
    font-size: var(--step-2);
    line-height: 1.3;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  }
  @media (min-width: 60em) {
    .intro__text { margin-right: 8%; }
  }

  /* Portfolio */
  .page-portfolio .page-head { padding-bottom: var(--space-l); }

  /* Project page */
  .project-head {
    padding-block: var(--space-l);
  }
  .project-head__index {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-m);
  }
  .project-head__index a { text-decoration: none; }
  .project-head__index a:hover { color: var(--ink); }
  .project-head__title {
    font-size: var(--step-4);
    letter-spacing: 0;
    line-height: 1.2;
  }
  .project-head__subtitle {
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
    font-size: var(--step-1);
    color: var(--muted);
  }

  .project-body {
    display: grid;
    gap: var(--space-l);
    padding-bottom: var(--space-xl);
  }
  @media (min-width: 60em) {
    .project-body {
      grid-template-columns: 1fr;
      gap: var(--space-m);
    }
    .facts { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 0 2rem; }
  }

  .project-nav {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-m);
    margin-top: var(--space-xl);
    padding-top: var(--space-m);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }
  .project-nav__link {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    text-decoration: none;
  }
  .project-nav__link--next { text-align: right; }
  .project-nav__label {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
  }
  .project-nav__title {
    font-size: var(--step-2);
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    line-height: 1.1;
  }
  .project-nav__link:hover .project-nav__title { text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 0.15em; }
  .project-nav__all {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    grid-row: 2;
    justify-self: center;
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }
  @media (min-width: 48em) {
    .project-nav { grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr; align-items: end; }
    .project-nav__all { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1; align-self: end; padding-bottom: 0.4rem; }
  }

  /* About */
  .about {
    display: grid;
    gap: var(--space-l);
    padding-top: var(--space-l);
  }
  .about__portrait img { width: 100%; filter: grayscale(1); }
  @media (min-width: 60em) {
    .about {
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr;
      column-gap: 2rem;
      align-items: start;
    }
    .about__head { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
    .about__portrait {
      position: sticky;
      top: calc(var(--header-h) + 1rem);
    }
  }
  .about__bio { font-size: var(--step-0); }
  .about__bio > p:first-child {
    font-size: var(--step-0);
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: var(--ink);
    text-align: left;
    hyphens: manual;
  }

  .cv {
    display: grid;
    gap: var(--space-xl);
    margin-top: var(--space-xl);
  }
  .cv__section {
    display: grid;
    gap: var(--space-m);
    padding-top: var(--space-s);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  }
  @media (min-width: 60em) {
    .cv__section { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  }
  .cv__title {
    font-size: var(--step-2);
    letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  }
  .cv__entry {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.2rem 1.5rem;
    padding-block: 0.9rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }
  .cv__entry:first-child { padding-top: 0.35rem; }
  @media (min-width: 40em) {
    .cv__entry { grid-template-columns: 8.5rem 1fr; }
  }
  .cv__years {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    color: var(--muted);
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
    padding-top: 0.15rem;
  }
  .cv__text a { text-decoration-color: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 40%, transparent); }
  .cv__note {
    margin-top: 0.3rem;
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    color: var(--muted);
  }

  /* Contact */
  .contact {
    display: grid;
    gap: var(--space-l);
    padding-top: var(--space-l);
  }
  @media (min-width: 60em) {
    .contact {
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr;
      column-gap: 2rem;
      align-items: start;
    }
    .contact__head { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
  }
  .contact__details {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    gap: 0;
  }
  .contact__details > div {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    padding-block: 1rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }
  .contact__details > div:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .contact__details dt {
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    letter-spacing: var(--tracking);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
  }
  .contact__details dd { font-size: var(--step-1); }
  .contact__email { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
  .contact__form .section-title { margin-bottom: var(--space-m); }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Utilities and motion
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@layer utilities {
  .visually-hidden {
    position: absolute !important;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    clip-path: inset(50%);
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  body.menu-open { overflow: hidden; }

  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after {
      animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
      animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
      transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
      scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    }
  }
}

@keyframes fade-in { from { opacity: 0; } }
@keyframes progress { from { transform: scaleX(0); } to { transform: scaleX(1); } }

/* Research: four review layouts share the portfolio’s type, palette and width. */
@layer pages {
  .research-head { padding-block: var(--space-l) 2rem; }
  .research-heading-row { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; }
  .research-orcid { font-size: var(--step--1); white-space: nowrap; }
  .research-affiliation { margin-top: 1rem; font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--muted); }
  .research-section-heading { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 0.75rem; }
  .research-section-heading > a { font-size: var(--step--1); }
  .research-section-title { font-size: var(--step-2); line-height: 1.3; }
  .research-kind { font-size: 0.75rem; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
  .research-entry__title { font-size: var(--step-1); line-height: 1.35; text-wrap: pretty; }
  .research-entry__title a { text-decoration: none; }
  .research-entry__title a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
  .research-authors { font-size: var(--step--1); margin-top: 0.6rem; }
  .research-venue { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: var(--step--1); margin-top: 0.35rem; }
  .research-meta { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.8rem; margin-top: 0.3rem; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
  .research-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem 1.1rem; margin-top: 0.8rem; font-size: var(--step--1); }
  .research-disclosure summary { cursor: pointer; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 0.22em; }
  .research-disclosure[open] { flex-basis: 100%; }
  .research-disclosure p { margin-top: 0.6rem; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 42rem; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }

  /* 1. A chronological publication index, closest to the supplied reference. */
  .research-year-group { margin-top: 1.75rem; }
  .research-year-heading { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem; font-size: var(--step-1); }
  .research-year-heading::after { content: ""; height: 1px; flex: 1; background: var(--line); }
  .research-index-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 7rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 1.75rem; padding-block: 1.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .research-index-mark img { width: 7rem; height: 9rem; object-fit: cover; object-position: center; }
  .research-index-number { display: block; font-size: 2.5rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1; }
  .research-index-kind { display: block; margin-top: 0.75rem; font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); }
  .research-conferences { margin-top: var(--space-l); }
  .research-conference { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 7rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 1.75rem; margin-top: 1.5rem; padding-block: 1.5rem; border-block: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .research-conference + .research-conference { margin-top: 0; border-top: 0; }
  .research-year { font-size: var(--step-1); }
  .research-conference h3 { font-size: var(--step-1); line-height: 1.3; }
  .research-conference p + p { margin-top: 0.4rem; }
  .research-conference > div > a { display: inline-block; margin-top: 0.75rem; font-size: var(--step--1); }

  /* 2. An editorial spread for architecture research and public writing. */
  .research-editorial-title { max-width: 26rem; font-size: var(--step-3); line-height: 1.2; }
  .research-feature-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 2rem; margin-top: 1.75rem; }
  .research-feature { min-width: 0; }
  .research-feature-visual, .research-feature-quote { height: 19rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; background: var(--paper-2); }
  .research-feature-visual img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: contain; }
  .research-feature-quote { display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; padding: 2rem; }
  .research-quote-source { font-size: 0.8rem; letter-spacing: 0.06em; }
  .research-feature-quote blockquote { font-size: var(--step-2); line-height: 1.4; margin-block: 1rem; }
  .research-feature-summary { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); margin-top: 1rem; }
  .research-earlier { margin-top: var(--space-l); }
  .research-earlier > .research-entry { margin-top: 1.5rem; padding-top: 1.5rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }

  /* 3. A doctoral research dossier alongside a compact publication library. */
  .research-dossier { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 1fr; gap: 3rem; }
  .research-dossier-title { font-size: var(--step-4); line-height: 1.15; text-wrap: pretty; }
  .research-dossier-context { margin-top: 1.5rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
  .research-topics { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem; padding: 0; list-style: none; margin-top: 1.25rem; }
  .research-topics li { padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 0.75rem; }
  .research-dossier-figure { margin-top: 1.5rem; }
  .research-dossier-figure img { width: 100%; max-height: 37rem; object-fit: contain; }
  .research-dossier-figure figcaption { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 0.5rem; }
  .research-dossier-library { padding-left: 1.75rem; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); min-width: 0; }
  .research-dossier-library .research-entry { padding-block: 1.25rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .research-dossier-library .research-entry__title { font-size: 1rem; }

  /* 4. A thematic archive linking housing policy with full-scale practice. */
  .research-topic-nav { --topic-gap: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.75rem); padding-bottom: 1rem; font-size: var(--step--1); }
  .research-topic-nav ul { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; gap: 0.5rem var(--topic-gap); list-style: none; padding: 0.3125rem 0; margin-block: -0.3125rem; overflow: hidden; }
  .research-topic-nav li { position: relative; }
  .research-topic-nav li + li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; inset-inline-start: calc(var(--topic-gap) / -2); top: 50%; width: 4px; height: 4px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--muted); transform: translate(-50%, -50%); }
  .research-topic-nav a { text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; }
  @media (min-width: 48em) {
    .research-topic-nav ul { display: grid; grid-auto-flow: column; grid-auto-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); column-gap: 0; }
    .research-topic-nav li { text-align: center; }
    .research-topic-nav li:first-child { text-align: left; }
    .research-topic-nav li:last-child { text-align: right; }
    .research-topic-nav li + li::before { inset-inline-start: 0; }
  }
  .research-theme { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr; gap: 3rem; padding-block: 2rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); scroll-margin-top: 2rem; }
  .research-theme-number { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 1; font-size: var(--step-2); line-height: 1.3; color: var(--muted); }
  .research-theme-head { min-width: 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2.5rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 0 1rem; align-content: start; }
  .research-theme-head h2 { font-size: var(--step-2); line-height: 1.3; }
  .research-theme-thumbnail { grid-column: 1 / -1; margin-top: var(--space-m); }
  .research-theme-visual { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 1; background: var(--paper); overflow: hidden; }
  .research-theme-visual picture, .research-theme-visual img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; min-width: 0; }
  .research-theme-visual img { object-fit: cover; }
  #politics .research-theme-visual img { object-position: center 44%; }
  #conferences .research-theme-visual img { object-position: center 55%; }
  .research-theme-visual--composite { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 48% 52%; grid-template-rows: minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .research-theme-visual--composite img { object-fit: contain; }
  .research-theme-visual--composite > picture:last-child { background: var(--paper); }
  .research-theme-thumbnail figcaption { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--muted); margin-top: var(--space-xs); }
  .research-theme-entries { min-width: 0; }
  .research-theme-entries .research-entry + .research-entry { margin-top: 1.5rem; padding-top: 1.5rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  @media (min-width: 48em) {
    #housing .research-theme-head { grid-template-rows: auto minmax(0, 1fr); }
    #housing .research-theme-thumbnail { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--space-xs); }
    #housing .research-theme-visual { flex-shrink: 0; }
    #housing .research-theme-thumbnail figcaption { margin-top: auto; }
  }
  @media (max-width: 47.99em) {
    .research-topic-nav ul { justify-content: flex-start; }
    .research-index-row, .research-conference, .research-feature-grid, .research-dossier, .research-theme { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.25rem; }
    .research-index-mark { display: none; }
    .research-feature-grid { gap: 2.5rem; }
    .research-feature-visual, .research-feature-quote { height: 17rem; }
    .research-feature-quote { padding: 1.5rem; }
    .research-dossier-library { padding-left: 0; border-left: 0; padding-top: 1.5rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  }
  @media (max-width: 22.5em) {
    .research-topic-nav { --topic-gap: 0.625rem; }
  }
}